SUPPLEMENTS

Regulates calcium and phosphorus absorption for bone density and strength

Essential cofactor for DNA synthesis, myelin sheath formation, and red blood cell maturation

Cofactor in over 300 enzymatic reactions including ATP production, DNA repair, and protein synthesis

EPA reduces triglycerides by 20–50% at therapeutic doses (4 g/day) via PPAR-alpha activation

Essential cofactor for testosterone synthesis and 5-alpha reductase regulation; deficiency directly suppresses testosterone

Core component of hemoglobin — required for oxygen transport to all tissues; deficiency causes anemia and fatigue

Potent water-soluble antioxidant — neutralizes free radicals, regenerates Vitamin E, and protects LDL from oxidation

Essential for one-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation — critical for gene expression regulation

Clinically proven adaptogen — reduces cortisol by 14–30% in multiple RCTs at 300–600 mg KSM-66/day

Increases phosphocreatine stores in muscle — enhances ATP regeneration for high-intensity exercise (5–15% strength increase in RCTs)

Essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (Complex I and III) — directly produces cellular ATP

Direct precursor to glutathione — the body's master antioxidant; raises intracellular glutathione by 30–50%

Activates AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) — the same enzyme targeted by Metformin; reduces glucose output from liver

NMN is a direct precursor to NAD+ — NAD levels decline 50% between age 20 and 60, impairing energy metabolism

Senolytic properties — selectively eliminates senescent (zombie) cells when combined with dasatinib or fisetin

Inhibits NF-κB, COX-2, and LOX pathways — among the most comprehensive natural anti-inflammatory agents studied

Restores gut microbiome diversity — critical for immune regulation, mental health, and metabolic function (gut-brain-immune axis)

Provides glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline — rate-limiting amino acids for endogenous collagen synthesis in skin, joints, and bones

Regulates circadian rhythm by signaling darkness to the suprachiasmatic nucleus — resets sleep-wake cycle

Uniquely increases alpha brain wave activity — produces calm alertness without sedation; found naturally in green tea

Both water- and fat-soluble antioxidant — uniquely active in both cellular compartments; regenerates Vitamins C, E, glutathione, and CoQ10

Essential cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase — core antioxidant enzymes

Irreplaceable substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis — T3 and T4 both contain iodine atoms; deficiency causes hypothyroidism and goiter

Activates osteocalcin (via carboxylation) — directs calcium into bone matrix and prevents it from depositing in arteries (arterial calcification)

Primary structural mineral of bone (99% of calcium is in skeleton) and teeth — deficiency causes osteoporosis and fractures

Eight essential water-soluble vitamins working synergistically for energy metabolism — collectively power the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain

Transports long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane for beta-oxidation — essential for fat burning and ATP production

Most abundant circulating steroid hormone — serves as precursor to testosterone, estrogen, and other sex hormones; declines 80% from age 25 to 75

Increases free testosterone by reducing SHBG (sex hormone-binding globulin) — 6 mg/day shown to raise free testosterone by 28% and reduce estrogen in men in 1-week studies

CD38 inhibitor — blocks the enzyme that consumes the most NAD+ in the body; synergistically raises NAD+ when combined with NMN/NR